A continuous carbonization furnace is industrial equipment for solid waste treatment, adopting a smokeless, eco-friendly carbonization process.
It can continuously process various raw materials including biomass, sludge, waste, and metal scrap.
The equipment typically uses a horizontal rotary drum or dual-drum internal heating structure to realize continuous feeding and discharging.
Its operation includes flue gas circulation combustion, tar separation, and PLC control, with a carbonization temperature ranging from 350°C to 850°C.
Working Principle
The continuous carbonization furnace converts biomass raw materials into charcoal products through high-temperature pyrolysis.
Its core advantage is the continuous operation of feeding, carbonization, and discharging.
The carbonization process inside the furnace generally consists of four stages:
drying, initial carbonization, complete carbonization, and cooling.
- In the drying stage, moisture in the material is evaporated using heat from external combustion.
- In the initial carbonization stage, the material undergoes thermal decomposition.
- In the complete carbonization stage, the material is rapidly pyrolyzed and dry-distilled into charcoal at 350–850°C.
- In the cooling stage, the finished charcoal is cooled before discharge to prevent spontaneous combustion.
Combustible gases such as carbon monoxide and methane produced during carbonization are treated by a flue gas purification system and then recycled for secondary combustion.
The heat generated provides continuous energy for carbonization, achieving energy self-sufficiency.
To ensure uniform continuous carbonization, the furnace adopts a horizontal rotary drum or vertical structure.
In the horizontal rotary drum design, the furnace rotates or is equipped with lifting plates, allowing materials to tumble forward evenly for consistent heating.
The entire carbonization process is highly automated, with centralized control via a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), greatly reducing operation difficulty.
Application Scope
The continuous carbonization furnace is suitable for resource utilization and harmless treatment of various solid wastes, including sludge, garbage, metal scrap, and biomass waste.
It processes a wide range of raw materials:
- Biomass: sawdust, straw, bamboo slices, nut shells, branches, rice husk, coconut shell, coffee grounds, peanut shell, corn stalk, hemp stalk, bark, bamboo powder, walnut shell, palm shell, jujube pit, fruit peel, cow bone, pine cones, etc.
- Waste & Sludge: household waste, municipal sludge, industrial sludge, printing & dyeing sludge, river sludge, paper mill residue, etc.
- Metal & Electronic Waste: electronic waste, waste lithium batteries, cans for precious metal extraction and recovery.
- Chemical Upgrading: lignite upgrading for producing activated coke, blue charcoal, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, and other products.